Research Journal

This paper examines the role that Greek Metropolitan Iakovos played in Albanian-Greek relations from the end of World War I to the establishment of a national Autocephalous Orthodox Albanian Church in 1922. As a result of the political and social structure that was in place during the
Ottoman Empire, religion played a significant role in postOttoman politics. This was amplified in countries like Albania, where no national religious institutions existed. At the end of World War I, Greece used its influence towards the Patriarchate of Constantinople to increase its opportunity to annex the  terra irredenta  of Korçë and Gjirokastër, while Albania tried and
managed to nationalize religious communities that existed in its
territory. The mainly Orthodox, Albanian-speaking Area/Region/Diocese of Korça where religion became the
outmost battlefield between Albania and Greece is the area of
research for this paper. The way politics used religious
communities on one hand, and the way religious communities
used their influence towards politics on the other hand, constitute
the core analyses of this paper. The theoretical approach of
religion as a soft power in International Relations distinguishes
two main levels of the religious communities, firstly its role as a
political  structure (bishops, priests) that can be influenced by
state organization and secondly its  divine authority, which
constitutes  its inner strength and can be used to influence the
faithful population toward a national or social idea. As such, the
paper focuses on Albanian-Greek diplomatic battle as well as on
the religious battle between the Albanian-speaking Orthodox
populations the Greek religious hierarchy. The results that are
acquired from this paper can be used in other similar situations
throughout the territories that once were part of the Ottoman
Empire, as they have as their basic premise the  Millet System
based on which the Sultans governed their empire.

Variations in root and root canal is always a challenge and  failure to recognize these variations can result in unsuccessful endodontic treatment. Mandibular molars can sometimes present a variation called radix entomolaris, wherein the tooth has an extra root attached to its lingual aspect. This additional root may complicate the endodontic management of the tooth if it is misdiagnosed or maltreated. The case reports in the  present  article focus on the radiographic identification and
endodontic management of Radix Entomolaris in  permanent
mandibular first molars.

This Study aimed to develop and validate Worktext in Drawing 2 for Technology students of  College of Industrial Technology.  It was conducted at University of Rizal System during the school year 2010-2011 with 50 first year BT students and 8 drafting professors as respondents. The study used the descriptive-experimental method to describe and evaluate the developed
Worktext in Drawing 2 using the questionnaire-checklist and test results in gathering data.  A pretest and posttest was administered to the student users to determine the performance in Drawing 2 of the two groups of respondents.  They were asked to evaluate the worktext through the following:  subject matter, organization and presentation, language and style and style and usefulness. Responses
were tallied, tabulated and interpreted with the use of appropriate statistical treatment. The derived conclusions are as follows.  Students exposed to the developed worktext in Drawing 2 performed better than the students taught without the use of the worktext.  The developed worktext in Drawing 2 as instructional material is highly acceptable in teaching the subject. From the findings and conclusions presented, the study recommended the following:  the developed worktext in Drawing 2 may be adopted for use by all Technology and Engineering students in different specializations, continuous revisions and modifications of the worktext may be done
to suit the learning styles, needs and abilities of the students and development of worktext, workbook and the same materials in other drawing/drafting areas may be developed.

Multinational corporations do not come into being
from thin air; there must be a form, an organization, and a goal
for them to be brought into existence. Many studies that have
been carried out in Europe and the rest of developing nations
have concentrated on the benefits of Multinational corporations
but literature still remains very little when Africa and the rest of
the developing nations are touched. This study sought to bridge
the gap of MNC by adding more literature on factual findings
from a developing country context such as Kenya. It was
centered on principles of employment creation, poverty and
dependency reduction and foreign direct investment.

In this paper a microstrip-fed planar monopole antenna has been proposed for wideband applications. Three monopole
antenna have been designed and analyzed for improving antenna performance parameters. Antenna performance parameter such as
return loss, bandwidth, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), gain, directivity and radiation efficiency of proposed antenna have been
analyzed and compared with each other. As a simulation tool CST Microwave Studio 2012 has been used. Proposed antenna showed
the resonance at 6.46 GHz and 10.49 GHz. At these points return loss founded as -19.77 dB and -13.45 dB respectively. Obtained bandwidth of these points at -10dB are 20.14% and 5.79%. Later comparison of performance parameters have been done.

Planar inverted-F antennas are miniature designs that
offer considerable versatility for both mobile and other wireless
applications. The design is particularly suited for mobile devices.
In this paper the design and of a compact quad band planar
inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is proposed for mobile handset
applications. The proposed antenna is a PIFA with slots inserted
in top radiating patch as well as ground plane to get multi-band
operation. The antenna covers GSM900, GPS, GSM1900 and
UMTS bands. The antenna consists of a rectangular planar
element suspended above the FR4 dielectric substrate. The
ground plane is on the bottom side of the substrate. The antenna
is having a simple structure, small size, wide bandwidth and
good gain. The antenna geometry, simulations of return loss,
hardware implementation and measured results are also
discussed

Dhat syndrome is a condition in which the male patients suffer from premature ejaculation or impotence, and believe that they are passing semen in their urine. The prevalence rate is varying between 40-66% among Indian population. The patients with Dhat syndrome are experiencing the overlapping
symptoms of other disorders such as depression, anxiety, and
mood, and it can be hypothesized that they would respond to
CBT and symptoms would be diminished. The effectiveness of
CBT in the intervention of psychosexual dysfunction has been
proved. Methodology: Aim of the study was to investigate the
efficacy of cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) in Dhat syndrome
and co-morbid conditions. Pre-post research design was used to
study the efficacy of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. Three
outward male patients who diagnosed with Dhat syndrome were selected for the sample from GEMS Health Care, Hyderabad. The intervention was included with psycho-education, supportive psychotherapy and cognitive behaviour therapy with a duration of 4 months in 18 sessions and inform consents were taken from the patients. The cognitive behaviour therapy was compiled with activity scheduling, cognitive restructuring (thought challenging, role playing, positive statements, and behavioural rehearsal and relaxation therapy (JPMR). BDI-II, HAM-A and IIEF were used for pre-post assessment.

The present study revealed that a total of 50 medicinal plants, belongs to 26 families are recorded for the treatment of different diseases viz. asthma, arthritis, cough, fever, diabetes,
dysentery, gastric and indigestion, jaundice, toothache, skin
diseases, etc. Some important medicinal plants widely used are
Acorus calamus Linn., Cassia alata Linn.,  Andrographis
paniculata  Nees.,  kaempferia galanga  Linn.,  Zanthoxylum
acanthopodium DC.,  Eryngium foetidum  Linn., Eupatorium
birmanicum  DC.,  Adhatoda vasica  Nees., etc. Some of the
species reported in the present paper are in critical conditions due to deforestation, over exploitation, various activities of human population for their survival and other developmental activities such as agriculture, urbanization etc. as a result of which the rich habitats are gradually depleting day by day. Therefore, it is suggested that the high diversity of bio-resources needs to be conserved for livelihood sustenance of the future generation.

The Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process is an arc welding process which produces coalescence of metal by
heating them with an arc between a covered metal electrode and the work. Shielding is obtained from decomposition of the
electrode covering. Pressure is not used. Filler metal is obtained
from the electrode. The prediction of the optimal weld  deposit
area  is an important aspect in shielded metal arc welding
(SMAW) process as it is related to the strength of the weld. The
goal of this research work is to optimize various parameters for
Shielded Metal Arc Welding process, including welding voltage,
welding current and welding speed by developing a mathematical
model for sound weld deposit area of a mild steel specimen.
Factorial design approach has been applied for finding the
relationship between the various process parameters and weld
deposit area. The study revealed that the weld deposit area varies directly with welding voltage and welding current and inverse relationship is found between welding speeds with weld deposit area.

New age practice of contraception, [20th, 21st centuries]
abortion, witnessed new age global environmental threats namely Global hypoxia, global warming, global recession, disappearance of birds, fish, islands, tsunamis, tornadoes, cyclones, earth
quakes.  ‘Estrogen like particles are in the rise in the air, waters,
identified as pollutant`, was published  in 1998, 1994
respectively; global abortion summary informed of 863,000,000
surgical reported abortions, from 1923 to 2010; environmental
pollution with estrogen has to come from spilt blood.  Estrogen
level was measured in seven river water, sea water samples.
Estimation of fetal hemoglobin in sea water was attempted using
routine hemoglobin electrophoresis. Estimation of alpha feto
protein, β human chorionic gonadotropins in river, sea water was planned.  Estrogen was detected in river water- 3-5pg/ml and sea water  - 0.3-1pg/ml. Fetal hemoglobin could not be detected as visible bands, by routine hemoglobin electrophoresis, capable of detecting values in grams. Alpha feto protein was detected in sea, river water as <0.6ng/ml, β human chorionic gonado tropin was detected in sea and river water as <0.1miu/ml. The concept is, contraceptive menstrual blood, aborted blood environmental pollution, equates with rising environmental estrogen pollution. Aborted blood, contraceptive menstrual blood with its high
affinity for oxygen, depletes oxygen,[ unlike emissions of alive
people which can be replaced by plants,] to result in global
hypoxia, ozone layer depletion, global warming, cyclones,
floods, tsunamis, tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes resultant
disappearance of birds, grapes, sea food, islands. Abortions,
contraception, resultant reduced customers, consumers, people,
passengers, students, than providers, has resulted in terrible
global recession, since investment is for, on, by and from, the
people to see returns. God ordained self sustaining ecology and
economy are disrupted by global contraception, abortion.

The heart of this  paper  here is a LPG gas leakage sensor circuit that detects the outflow of LPG gas and the  circuit is a gas sensor module SEN 1327. QM 6 gas sensor is used in the
SEN 1327 module. The output signal from SEN 1327 gas sensor
module is used to drive a 555 timer based astable multivibrator
circuit. Here 555 timer works as a tone generator, the frequency
of tone can be altered by varying the preset VR.

In Ethiopia, wetlands cover nearly 2% of the total land area of the country. They are one of the most productive ecosystems and perform many functions that maintain ecological integrity. They provide lots of goods and services that encompass
agricultural production, tourism, and biodiversity conservation, social, economic as well as cultural activities. More specifically,
wetlands are crucial resources of income generation and livelihood for local communities.

The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the consumption & investment and the market size of the cement industries in India.  They play an important role in the growth of India.  In India, there are 69 industries producing cement.  In this, the studies of top 5 companies are done, their market size, their investment is studied.  The major part of the cement is
consumed by the housing sector i.e. 64%, 17% consumed by infrastructure, 13% by commercial and only 6% is consumed by
industrial sector.

Middleware becomes a strong research area. The reason is the ability of middleware technologies to solve all the integration problems in an enterprise. This technology combined with other technologies can solve pressing problems for mankind.

Today  IT  workplace stress is becoming a major issue and a matter of concern for the employees and the organizations. It has become a part of life for the  women employees, as life today has become so complex at home as well as outside that it is impossible to avoid  stress. Selye [1936] defines stress as “a dynamic activity wherein an individual is confronted with an opportunity, constraint or demand”

Estrogen therapy is thought to promote gallstone formation and cholecystitis but most data derive from observational studies rather than randomized trials. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of estrogen therapy in healthy postmenopausal women on gallbladder disease outcomes.

This work is on Proximate analysis, characterization and utilization of bambara nut oil (Mmanu  –Okpa). Bambara
groundnut was collected from a local market and analysised. The bambara groundnut has many content, such as carbohydrate,
protein ash, water, and oil. The emphasis of this study is on the
oil. From the analysis it shows that bambara nut is not an oily
seed. As it has high carbohydrate and protein, it is very nutritious
and good for human consumption. It can serve as a food
supplement. Hence it is good to cultivate the bambara nut in a
large  quantity to supplement the availability of food in the
society.

The study was carried out in Government Seed  farm  Vavuniya  from  June 2012 to September  2012 by  Random Completely Block Design (RCBD) with nine  treatments and three  replicates to study the  role of  Sebania rostrata    in relation to soil properties  and  to evaluate the suitability of  Sesbania  and inorganic fertilizers on the yield of onion.

In recent years, social media has  become one of the most important factors accompanying the development  of the Iraqi society. The media industry has experienced tremendous growth and development over the last ten years in Iraq. Prior to 2003, the Iraqi media was restricted and lacked the freedom of speech. After  2003, the media became more liberal and
somewhat less restricted. However, the problem is that it still lacks the well-organized strategic plans to get to the hearts of the Iraqi citizens and to make them believe in all what they say either online or on some of the T.V. channels. This study attempts to answer the following research question: what is the state of the Iraqi media  pre and post  2003? The aim of this research is to identify the state of the media industry in Iraq pre and post 2003. To examine the research problem,  the researchers investigated the state of social media in Iraq and shared the participant’s lived experience of the use of media as a means of communication while he was in Iraq. To collect the data, the researchers interviewed an Iraqi man who moved to the U.S. in 2005. The results indicate that the social media in Iraq is more powerful and effective now than it was before 2003 and the number of Internet and social media male and female users increased in the last ten years.